Dietary patterns and CVD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Publication date
2015-09Abstract
Epidemiological studies show that diet is linked to the risk of developing CVD. The objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate the association between empirically derived dietary patterns and CVD. PubMed was searched for observational studies of data-driven dietary patterns that reported outcomes of cardiovascular events. The association between dietary patterns and CVD was estimated using a randomeffects meta-analysis with 95 % CI. Totally, twenty-two observational studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled relative risk (RR) for CVD, CHD and stroke in a comparison of the highest to the lowest category of prudent/healthy dietary patterns in cohort studies was 0·69 (95 % CI 0·60, 0·78; I 2=0 %), 0·83 (95 % CI 0·75, 0·92; I 2=44·6 %) and 0·86 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·01; I 2=59·5 %), respectively. The pooled RR of CHD in a case–control comparison of the highest to the lowest category of prudent/healthy dietary patterns was 0·71 (95 % CI 0·63, 0·80; I 2=0 %). The
pooled RR for CVD, CHD and stroke in a comparison of the highest to the lowest category of western dietary patterns in cohort studies was 1·14 (95 % CI 0·92, 1·42; I 2= 56·9 %), 1·03 (95 % CI 0·90, 1·17; I 2=59·4 %) and 1·05 (95 % CI 0·91, 1·22; I 2=27·6 %), respectively; in case–control studies, there was evidence of increased CHD risk. Our results support the evidence of the prudent/healthy pattern as a protective factor for CVD.
Document Type
Article
Published version
Language
English
Subject (CDU)
613 - Hygiene generally. Personal health and hygiene
616.1 - Pathology of the circulatory system, blood vessels. Cardiovascular complaints
Keywords
Dietètica
Malalties cardiovasculars
Ressenyes sistemàtiques (Investigació mèdica)
Pages
19 p.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press
Is part of
British Journal of Nutrition, vol. 114, núm. 9
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