Randomized controlled trial of cognitive-motivational therapy program (PIPE) for the initial phase of schizophrenia: maintenance of efficacy at 5-year follow up

Abstract

Aim The main goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive motivational treatment program. Method A randomized, controlled, single-blind clinical trial was carried out. A total of 104 patients were recruited to take part in the trial, of whom ultimately 62 patients were allocated into two groups and finished the study. An initial assessment was carried out before patients were randomly placed in one of two groups for the clinical trial: (a) PIPE program plus routine care; and (b) routine care only. Clinical assessments were performed at baseline at 6 months, 1 year and follow-ups, at 18 months and 5 years). Results MANCOVA analysis of tests repeated 18 months after the start of the intervention detected significant differences between the two groups in terms of clinical variables, everyday functioning and relapses. These differences remained upon follow-up measurements taken five years after the start of the trial. Conclusions The present study offers scientific evidence for cognitive-motivational therapy's effectiveness as a treatment for clinical symptoms in the early stages of psychosis. PIPE intervention may contribute to long-term clinical improvement and stability.